A price escalation clause is a contractual provision that allows for the adjustment of the contract price in response to changes in market conditions or specific cost factors, such as inflation or increased material costs. This clause is typically implemented to ensure both parties can manage financial risks when costs fluctuate beyond their control.
The provisions under our remaining long-term, firm commitment polysilicon supply agreement provide for fixed pricing, and contain historical inflationary price escalation clauses triggered in connection with increases in labor, energy or silicon metal costs. Recently, our supplier has communicated to us that they believe these price escalation clauses for silicon metal have been triggered and therefore increased pricing would apply to our purchases of polysilicon for 2022 deliveries. We do not believe that these inflationary price escalation clauses apply to our purchases of polysilicon for 2022 deliveries. We are currently engaged in commercial discussions with our supplier exploring a mutually acceptable resolution.
Loss related to settlement of price escalation dispute. This relates to loss arising from the settlement of price escalation dispute with a polysilicon supplier related to our long term, firm commitment polysilicon supply agreement. This is excluded from our Adjusted EBITDA financial measure as it is non-recurring and not reflective of ongoing operating results. As such, management believes that it is appropriate to exclude such charges as the loss does not contribute to a meaningful evaluation of our past operating performance.
5.6 Fixed Price Escalation
The Fixed Prices set forth in Attachment 9 and the [*] set forth in Section 5.4 are each expressed in [*] United States Dollars and are subject to escalation in accordance with the IAE escalation formula as set forth in Attachment 4 (“FPA Escalation Formula”). For the Fixed Prices and the [*] beginning [*] and annually thereafter, the escalation as calculated by the FPA Escalation Formula will be capped at [*] (the “Escalation Cap”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if in any calendar year, the escalation as calculated by the FPA Escalation Formula for that period exceeds the Escalation Cap by more than [*] (the “FPA Hyper Band”), then the FPA Escalation Cap will be increased by [*] of such exceedance. The resultant compounding Fixed Price escalation for that year, which includes the FPA Escalation Cap plus the amount shared above the FPA Hyper Band, will become the new FPA Escalation Cap for [*] period thereafter.
5.7 LLP Escalation
All LLP prices are subject to escalation in accordance with IAE’s then-current catalog list pricing for LLPs. For LLP catalog list price escalation incurred with inductions for Shop Visits beginning [*] and annually thereafter, escalation will be capped at a rate of [*] (the “LLP Price Escalation Cap”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if in a calendar year, the escalation for that period exceeds the LLP Price Escalation Cap by more than [*] (the “LLP Price Hyper Band”), then the LLP Price Escalation Cap will be increased by [*] of such exceedance. The resultant compounding LLP price escalation for that year, which includes the LLP Price Escalation Cap plus the amount shared above the LLP Price Hyper Band, will become the new LLP Price Escalation Cap for [*] thereafter.
The higher cost was also driven by higher inventory reserve, mainly arising from the Performance line module supply to United States utility-scale business and a one-off settlement of $15.2 million with a polysilicon supplier to resolve a contract dispute regarding the applicability of a price escalation clause.
The Company believes that disclosing estimated payments under aircraft and engine purchase commitments based on contractual obligations net of discounts and pre-delivery payments, including estimated amounts for contractual price escalation, will meet the Company’s obligations under Item 5.F of Form 20-F.
The increase of $43.4 million in cost of revenue during the six months ended July 2, 2023 as compared to the six months ended July 3, 2022 was primarily due to higher shipments, partially offset by declining container rates and logistic cost reduction initiatives, lower losses of $18.6 million on the polysilicon procured under long-term fixed supply agreements that ended during fiscal year 2022 and a one-off settlement of $15.2 million with a polysilicon supplier to resolve a contract dispute regarding the applicability of a price escalation clause in the three months ended July 3, 2022.
Price escalation refers to the increase in prices of goods or services over a period. This may occur due to inflation, increased costs of production, changes in demand and supply, or external economic factors. It is a common phenomenon in various industries and can significantly impact contract management, budget planning, and financial forecasting.
When should I use Price Escalation?
You should consider price escalation in scenarios where:
Long-term contracts: When entering into long-term agreements, it’s crucial to account for potential increases in costs over time.
Volatile markets: If the market for the goods or services is unstable and prices are subject to frequent changes, using price escalation can protect both parties.
Inflationary environments: In economies experiencing high inflation rates, price escalation helps maintain the real value of revenue or cost projections.
Cost-sharing agreements: Where both parties agree to share the increased costs due to external factors, price escalation clauses ensure fair distribution.
How do I write a Price Escalation Clause?
When writing a price escalation clause, consider including the following elements:
Trigger conditions: Specify under what conditions the price escalation will apply, such as changes in specific indices or economic indicators.
Adjustment formula: Define how the price adjustments will be calculated, often based on indices or percentage increases.
Frequency: Indicate how often the escalation can occur, which may be annually, semi-annually, or quarterly.
Caps: Set maximum limits on how much prices can increase over a specific period to provide a safeguard against extreme volatility.
Example:
Price adjustments shall occur every six months, based on the changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) as published by XYZ Institution. Any price increase shall not exceed 5% per adjustment period.
Which contracts typically contain Price Escalation Clauses?
Price escalation clauses are commonly found in the following types of contracts:
Construction contracts: Due to the lengthy duration and complexity involved, these contracts often include price escalation to manage the costs of materials and labor over time.
Supply agreements: Long-term agreements for raw materials or commodities frequently incorporate escalation clauses to handle market fluctuations.
Service contracts: Agreements involving long-term service provision may use price escalation to address inflationary pressures on wages or operational costs.
Government contracts: Public sector contracts might include escalation clauses to adjust for budgetary constraints and ensure the fair allocation of taxpayer money.
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